Era eon period epoch

An epoch, (not to be confused with epic ), like an era, is a period of time. An epoch is longer than an era and can cover more than one lifetime. It is marked by some significant development or series of developments: the feudal epoch, the epoch of exploration. An eon is a very long time indeed. It is the longest period of geological time.

Era: An era is the second largest division of geologic time, following the eon. Eras are still significant spans of time, but they are shorter than eons. Examples of eras include the Mesozoic Era (252 to 66 million years ago), which was the age of dinosaurs, and the Cenozoic Era, which began about 66 million years ago and continues to the present.eon = The largest unit of time. era = A unit of time shorter than an eon but longer than a period. period = A unit of time shorter than an era but longer than epoch. epoch = A unit of time shorter than a period but longer than an age. Archean = “Ancient” eon from 4,500 Mya – 2,500 Ma.The Hadean (IPA: / h eɪ ˈ d iː ə n, ˈ h eɪ d i ə n / hay-DEE-ən, HAY-dee-ən) [] is the first and oldest of the four known geologic eons of Earth's history.It started with the planet's formation about 4.54 Bya, now defined as …The first life is thought to have appeared in this time. Proterozoic Eon. 2,500 - 543 mya. Second division of the Pre-Cambrian Supereon. Phanerozoic Eon. 543 mya - present. Current geologic eon. Paleozoic Era. 543 - 248 mya.Era, Period or System, Epoch or Series. Cenozoic (66 million years ago - Present) characterized by the emergence of the Himalayas (cooling, reduced CO2) also ...

17 thg 12, 2022 ... ... Epoch of the Quaternary Period of the Cenozoic Era of the Phanerozoic Eon, and have been for 4,200 years. Drawing lines in Earth time has ...Aug 15, 2019 · Geologic time spans are divided into units and subunits, the largest of which are eons. Which is the longest Division of geologic time? The Geologic Time Scale is divided into four major units: Eons, Eras, Periods and Epochs. An Eon is the longest division of geologic time, so long in fact that there have only been four Eons.The Hadean (IPA: / h eɪ ˈ d iː ə n, ˈ h eɪ d i ə n / hay-DEE-ən, HAY-dee-ən) [] is the first and oldest of the four known geologic eons of Earth's history.It started with the planet's formation about 4.54 Bya, now defined as …Organization. In the geologic time scale, the youngest ages are on the top and the oldest on the bottom. The time scale is based upon relative times, therefore there aren't any specific times listed with each era. The timescale is divided into eons, each eon into eras, each era into periods, and each period into epochs.a. the place on the surface directly above the focus. b. a spot halfway between the focus and the surface. c. the spot below the focus. d. any spot along the nearest fault. a. the place on the surface directly above the focus. The most common Precambrian fossils are layered mounds of calcium carbonate called ______. SuperEon ==> Eon ==> Era ==> Period ==> Epoch. Hadean Eon. The Hadean eon (4,540 - 4,000 mya) represents the time before a reliable (fossil) record of life. Temperatures are extremely hot, and much of the Earth was molten because of frequent collisions with other bodies, extreme volcanism and the abundance of short-lived radioactive elements.QUESTION 13 Put the Geologic Time Units in order from Longest to Shortest. v Period Epoch Era Eon QUESTION 14 "Geological processes operating at the present time are the same processes that have operated in the past" is a statement of A. the Principle of Faunal Succession OB. the Principle of Cross-cutting Relationships O c. the Principle of Uniformitarianism OD. the Principle of Original ...Right now, according to the current timeline, we are in — deep breath — the Meghalayan Age of the Holocene Epoch of the Quaternary Period of the Cenozoic Era of the Phanerozoic Eon, and have ...

An epoch, (not to be confused with epic ), like an era, is a period of time. An epoch is longer than an era and can cover more than one lifetime. It is marked by some significant development or series of developments: the feudal epoch, the epoch of exploration. An eon is a very long time indeed. It is the longest period of geological time.Transcribed image text: In the table below, Insert the following eons, eras, periods, and epochs in chronological order from oldest to most recent. YOU DO NOT NEED TO KNOW THE DATES, just the relative placement of the timeframes. For overlapping timeframes, list the eon first, era second, perlod third, and epoch last, EACH ONE IN ITS OWN ROW.28 thg 4, 2020 ... Can you choose the correct division of geologic time? Test your knowledge on this science quiz and compare your score to others.Oct 16, 2023 · Look up era in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. An era is a span of time defined for the purposes of chronology or historiography, as in the regnal eras in the history of a given monarchy, a calendar era used for a given calendar, or the geological eras defined for the history of Earth . Comparable terms are epoch, age, period, saeculum, …Jan 25, 2015 · Geologic Time Scale: Eons, Era, Periods and Epochs and its significant events. ... subdivided into Tertiary (Paleogene & Neogene) and Quaternary periods. Further this era contains seven epochs Through fossils: The origin and evolution of independent groups of animals and man 4. Phanerozoic eon (600 MYA ...Nov 13, 2020 · Eon > Era > Period > Epoch; Eons are largest unit of time, eras are subdivisions of eons, epoch are subdivisions of period, period are the basic unit of geologic time while epochs are subdivision of period. To read more of this, you may click on the following links: DIfferences for Eras and Eons brainly.ph/question/6267894;

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Aug 10, 2023 · An epoch is equal to around 10,000,000 years, where as an era is 100,000,000 years. Compare geologic time with geologic column? a geologic time scale has eras, made up of periods, epochs, etc ...What is an eon, an era, a period, and an epoch? Environmental Science Earth Systems and Resources Environmental Science Concepts. 1 Answer Mandira P. Apr 25, 2017 Earth's geological history is four billion years old; it is studied by dividing it in eons. Explanation: You may read this. Answer link. Related questions. What is environmental ...Feb 26, 2020 · - Free Printable Tests and Worksheets - Help Teaching.com Date: h's History 2. What are the major subdivisions of geologic time, in order from longest to shortest time? a. Eons, eras, periods, epochs b. Epochs, eons, eras, …Which of the following lists the correct sequence of divisions in the geologic time scale, from largest to smallest? A) era, eon, epoch, period B) eon, era, period, epoch C) epoch, era, eon, period D) period, eon, era, epoch Aug 27, 2016 · An eon refers to the largest division of time in Earth's history used on the geological time scale. The current eon is divided into three eras. the current era is divided into three periods and the current period is divided into two epochs, reaching the Holocene, which is the current geological epoch. About the geologic time scale divisions. The geologic history of the Earth is broken up into hierarchical chunks of time. From largest to smallest, this hierarchy includes eons, eras, periods, epochs, and ages. All of these are displayed in the portion of the geologic time scale shown below. Eon.

10 Qs. Types of Energy. 1.6K plays. 1st - 3rd. Earth's History & Geologic Time Review quiz for 6th grade students. Find other quizzes for Other Sciences and more on Quizizz for free!Period, epoch , era , age , aeon all denote a portion or division of time; epoch and era can also denote an event regarded as the beginning of a portion or division of time. Period is the generic term, designating an extent of time of any length for whatever purpose delimited. Epoch can denote the starting point of a new period, especially as ...Jul 19, 2020 · eon, era, period, epoch, and age, as progressively smaller units of geological time. The major divisions of time are termed eons. In succession these are: Hadean, the Archean, the Proterozoic and the Phanerozoic. The first three of these can be collectively called as the Precambrian super eons. Eons are further divided into eras. The eras are ...In what eon, era, period and epoch do we now live? We live in the Holocene (sometimes called Recent) epoch, Quaternary period, Cenozoic era, and Phanerozoic eon. Geologic Time Condensed to One Year. It's always fun to think about geologic time in a framework that we can more readily understand. Here are when some major events in Earth history ...In turn, epochs are divided into even narrower units of time called ages. For the sake of simplicity, only the epochs of the Paleogene, Neogene, and Quaternary periods are shown on the time scale at the top of this page. It is important to note, however, that all of the periods of the Phanerozoic era are subdivided into the epochs and ages.Environmental Science. Earth Science. ISBN: 9781260153125. Author: William P Cunningham Prof., Mary Ann Cunningham Professor. Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education. SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS. Solution for Match the eon, era, period, epoch, and age for when Homo sapiens first appeared. eon epoch age period era Cenozoic Quaternary Pleistocene Calabrian….Standard 8-2.4: Recognize the relationship among the units—era, epoch, and period—into which the geologic time scale is divided. Eons: Longest subdivision; based on the abundance of certain fossils Eras: Next to longest subdivision; marked by major changes in the fossil record Periods: Based on types of life existing at the timeThe Holocene falls in the Quaternary period (2.6m years ago) of the Cenozoic era (66m) in the Phanerozoic eon (541m). What era do we live in 2022? The present year, 2022, can be transformed into a Holocene year by adding the digit “1” before it, making it 12,022 HE.Period, eon, epoch, era. Multiple Choice. Edit. Please save your changes before editing any questions. 1 minute. 1 pt. During which geologic time or era did humans ...Paleozoic Era, In geologic time , the Paleozoic Era, the first era in the Phanerozoic Eon , covers the time between roughly 544 million years ago (mya) and until 24… Pliocene Epoch, In geologic time , the Pliocene Epoch occurs during the Tertiary Period (65 million years ago [mya] to 2.6 mya) of the Cenozoic Era of the Phanerozoi…

Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which order of geologic time units goes from most brief unit to longest unit? a. eons, periods, eras, epochs b. epochs, periods, eras, eons c. epochs, eras, eons, periods d. eras, periods, eons, epochs e. eons, eras, epochs, periods, Which order of eras is correct, from oldest to …

Transcribed image text: In the table below, Insert the following eons, eras, periods, and epochs in chronological order from oldest to most recent. YOU DO NOT NEED TO KNOW THE DATES, just the relative placement of the timeframes. For overlapping timeframes, list the eon first, era second, perlod third, and epoch last, EACH ONE IN ITS OWN ROW.Paleozoic Era, In geologic time , the Paleozoic Era, the first era in the Phanerozoic Eon , covers the time between roughly 544 million years ago (mya) and until 24… Pliocene Epoch, In geologic time , the Pliocene Epoch occurs during the Tertiary Period (65 million years ago [mya] to 2.6 mya) of the Cenozoic Era of the Phanerozoi…The Ordovician (/ ɔːr d ə ˈ v ɪ ʃ i. ə n,-d oʊ-,-ˈ v ɪ ʃ ən / or-də-VISH-ee-ən, -⁠doh-, -⁠ VISH-ən) is a geologic period and system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era.The Ordovician spans 41.6 million years from the end of the Cambrian Period 485.4 million years ago (Mya) to the start of the Silurian Period 443.8 Mya.. The Ordovician, named …In turn, epochs are divided into even narrower units of time called ages. For the sake of simplicity, only the epochs of the Paleogene, Neogene, and Quaternary periods are shown on the time scale at the top of this page. It is important to note, however, that all of the periods of the Phanerozoic era are subdivided into the epochs and ages.What is an eon, an era, a period, and an epoch? Environmental Science Earth Systems and Resources Environmental Science Concepts. 1 Answer Mandira P. Apr 25, 2017 Earth's geological history is four billion years old; it is studied by dividing it in eons. Explanation: You may read this. Answer link. Related questions. What is environmental ...Dec 14, 2017 - This Pin was discovered by Nikko. Discover (and save!) your own Pins on Pinterest.The Holocene falls in the Quaternary period (2.6m years ago) of the Cenozoic era (66m) in the Phanerozoic eon (541m). What era do we live in 2022? The present year, 2022, can be transformed into a Holocene year by adding the digit “1” before it, making it 12,022 HE.Feb 26, 2020 · - Free Printable Tests and Worksheets - Help Teaching.com Date: h's History 2. What are the major subdivisions of geologic time, in order from longest to shortest time? a. Eons, eras, periods, epochs b. Epochs, eons, eras, …eon = The largest unit of time. era = A unit of time shorter than an eon but longer than a period. period = A unit of time shorter than an era but longer than epoch. epoch = A unit of time shorter than a period but longer than an age. Archean = “Ancient” eon from 4,500 Mya – 2,500 Ma.The correct answer is SuperEon > Eon > Era > Period > Epoch. Key Points. The geologic time scale (GTS) is a system of chronological dating that classifies geological strata in time. It is used by geologists, paleontologists, and other Earth scientists to describe the timing and relationships of events in geologic history.

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11 thg 9, 2013 ... EON, ERA, PERIOD, EPOCH. Phanerozoic 542 Ma to present, Cenozoic 65 Ma to present, Quaternary 2.6 Ma to present, Holocene 11,700 years ago to ...Mar 22, 2023 · The title "Jurassic" specifically refers to the middle period of the Mesozoic Era, known for iconic dinosaurs like the T-Rex and Velociraptors. Rate this question: 7. The Geologic time scale is subdivided into 4 groups. List them beginning with the largest. A. Eon, Era, Epoch, Period. B. Period, Epoch, Era, Eon.Oct 2, 2023 · Anthropocene Epoch, unofficial interval of geologic time, making up the third worldwide division of the Quaternary Period (2.6 million years ago to the present), characterized as the time in which the collective activities of human beings (Homo sapiens) began to substantially alter Earth’s surface, atmosphere, oceans, and systems of nutrient …Glacial Periods, glacial periods, times during which large portions of the earth's surface were covered with thick glacial ice sheets. In the Pleistocene epoch, in th… Paleozoic Era, In geologic time , the Paleozoic Era, the first era in the Phanerozoic Eon , covers the time between roughly 544 million years ago (mya) and until 24…eon ý nghĩa, định nghĩa, eon là gì: 1. a period of time that is so long that ... epoch · era. Thêm các ví dụBớt các ví dụ. Complex chemical interactions between ...Match the eon, era, period, epoch, and age for when Homo sapiens first appeared. eon epoch age period era Cenozoic Quaternary Pleistocene Calabrian Phanerozoic I^Homo sapiens evolve. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like List the following units of geologic time in order from shortest to longest: eon, epoch, era, period, What are the 2 eons on the geologic time scale? Circle which one is longest., How old is the Earth? and more.unconformity. An example of a fossil with original preservation includes a (n) ____. insect imbedded in amber. The amount of time it takes for one-half of the original amount of an isotope to decay is known as its ____. half-life. List the units of geologic time in order from shortest to longest. epoch, period, era, eon.Eons Era Period Epoch Age (Mya) Phanerozoic Cenozoic Quaternary Holocene Pleistocen e Pliocene 0.01 1.8 5.3 Tertiary Miocene 23.0 Oligocene Eocene 33.9 55.8 Paleocene 65.5 Mesozoic Paleozoi c Cretaceous Jurassic 145 200 Triassic Permian Pennsylvanian 251 299 318 Mississippian Devonian 359 416 Silurian 444 Ordovician … ….

Eons are divided into Eras, which are in turn divided into Periods, Epochs and Stages. At the same time paleontologists define a system of faunal stages, of varying lengths, based on the kinds of animal fossils found there.3 thg 1, 2020 ... Geologic Time Eon Era Period Epoch. Precambrian Time 4.6 billion to 543 mya . Hadean Eon: 4.5 to 3.8 bya. - Meteorites. - No Life.An eon refers to the largest division of time in Earth's history used on the geological time scale. The current eon is divided into three eras. the current era is divided into three periods and the current period is divided into two epochs, reaching the Holocene, which is the current geological epoch.4,540,000,000. origin of the earth. "BEGINNING " refers to the number of years before the present to the beginning of the Era, Period, or Epoch. In some cases, the dates differ slightly from those in other geologic time scales. Most notably, the origin of the earth is sometimes rounded off to 4.5 or 6 billion years ago.Era. Based on major world wide changes in types of fossils. Period. Characterized by the types of life that existed worldwide. Epoch. Characterized by differences in life forms that mat vary regionally. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Eon, Era, Period and more.Period, eon, epoch, era. Multiple Choice. Edit. Please save your changes before editing any questions. 1 minute. 1 pt. During which geologic time or era did humans ...Oct 2, 2023 · Anthropocene Epoch, unofficial interval of geologic time, making up the third worldwide division of the Quaternary Period (2.6 million years ago to the present), characterized as the time in which the collective activities of human beings (Homo sapiens) began to substantially alter Earth’s surface, atmosphere, oceans, and systems of nutrient …4. The geologic time scale is subdivided into four groups. What is the correct sequence if you will arrange them from the largest to the smallest? A. Eon, period, epoch, era B. Eon, era, epoch, period C. Eon, era, period, epoch D. Era, eon, period, epocheon, Long span of geologic time. In formal usage, eons are the longest portions of geologic time (era s are the second-longest). Three eons are recognized: the Phanerozoic Eon (dating from the present back to the beginning of the Cambrian Period), the Proterozoic Eon, and the Archean Eon. Less formally, eon often refers to a span of one billion ... Era eon period epoch, Eon. Era. Period. Epoch. Phanerozoic. Proterozoic. Archean. Hadean. Quaternary. Tertiary. Cenozoic. Mesozoic. Palaeozoic. Cretaceous. Jurassic. Triassic., The Geologic Time Scale is divided into four eons, ten eras, 22 periods, and several epochs and ages. Each eon, era, period, and epoch is defined by major geological or paleontological events. The eons are the Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic, and Phanerozoic. The Phanerozoic Eon is the eon of visible life, and is divided into three eras: the ... , eon ý nghĩa, định nghĩa, eon là gì: 1. a period of time that is so long that ... epoch · era. Thêm các ví dụBớt các ví dụ. Complex chemical interactions between ..., From largest to smallest, this hierarchy includes eons, eras, periods, epochs, and ages. 5. 1. The largest division of the geologic time scale is the . A. Eon B. Era C. Period D. Epoch. 6. The Mesozoic Era was the Age of Reptiles while the current Cenozoic Era is the Age of ., 4,540,000,000. origin of the earth. "BEGINNING " refers to the number of years before the present to the beginning of the Era, Period, or Epoch. In some cases, the dates differ slightly from those in other geologic time scales. Most notably, the origin of the earth is sometimes rounded off to 4.5 or 6 billion years ago. , A: Geologically, eons are longer than eras, while eras are longer than epochs. More generally however, eons are still the longest yet epochs usually last longer than eras. BUT epochs can also be relate to “turning point” moments in time – and an era might contain many epochs. Q: Clear as primordial mud. A: That mud’s probably from …, Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like List the following units of time in order of length from shortest to longest: year, period, era, eon, age, and epoch, Name the 3 eras of the Phanerozoic Eon, and identify how long each one lasted, How would our understanding of Earth's past change if a scientist discovered a mammal fossil from the Paleozoic Era? and more., a. era > eon > period > epoch b. epoch > era > period > eon c. eon > period > era > epoch d. eon > era > period > epoch, Which of the following statements correctly describe how the geologic time scale is divided? Check all that are true. a. The geologic time scale is made up of days, months, and years. b., Oct 2, 2023 · Anthropocene Epoch, unofficial interval of geologic time, making up the third worldwide division of the Quaternary Period (2.6 million years ago to the present), characterized as the time in which the collective activities of human beings (Homo sapiens) began to substantially alter Earth’s surface, atmosphere, oceans, and systems of nutrient …, eon - era - period - epoch. Boundaries between intervals of the geological time scale are determined by. major events in the Earth's history, such as major extinctions., Question: QUESTION 13 Put the Geologic Time Units in order from Longest to Shortest. v Period Epoch Era Eon QUESTION 14 "Geological processes operating at the present time are the same processes that have operated in the past" is a statement of A. the Principle of Faunal Succession OB. the Principle of Cross-cutting Relationships O c. the Principle of , eon, era, period, epoch. what are some examples of a catastrophic event? climate change, asteroid impacts, and volcanoes. what is a mass extinction? , The Ordovician (/ ɔːr d ə ˈ v ɪ ʃ i. ə n,-d oʊ-,-ˈ v ɪ ʃ ən / or-də-VISH-ee-ən, -⁠doh-, -⁠ VISH-ən) is a geologic period and system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era.The Ordovician spans 41.6 million years from the end of the Cambrian Period 485.4 million years ago (Mya) to the start of the Silurian Period 443.8 Mya.. The Ordovician, named …, An epoch is a fixed point in time (like the zero date of a calendar, or the moment a world-changing event occurred), especially one that marks the beginning of a new era. One can “make an epoch” by doing something that changes things forever. An era follows an epoch and is defined by it. For instance, the “Christian Era” is the time ..., Dec 14, 2017 - This Pin was discovered by Nikko. Discover (and save!) your own Pins on Pinterest., Period, epoch , era , age , aeon all denote a portion or division of time; epoch and era can also denote an event regarded as the beginning of a portion or division of time. Period is the generic term, designating an extent of time of any length for whatever purpose delimited. Epoch can denote the starting point of a new period, especially as ..., Eon, era, period, epoch. Assume that man's recorded history can be stretched back to 4600 years before the present this is approximately what fraction of geologic time. , Geologic time scale showing the geologic eons, eras, periods, epochs, and associated dates in millions of years ago (MYA). The time scale also shows the onset of major evolutionary and tectonic events affecting the North American continent and the Northern Cordillera (SCAK, south-central Alaska; SEAK, southeast Alaska; NAK, …, eon, Long span of geologic time. In formal usage, eons are the longest portions of geologic time (era s are the second-longest). Three eons are recognized: the Phanerozoic Eon (dating from the present back to the beginning of the Cambrian Period), the Proterozoic Eon, and the Archean Eon. Less formally, eon often refers to a span of one billion ..., Oct 2, 2023 · Anthropocene Epoch, unofficial interval of geologic time, making up the third worldwide division of the Quaternary Period (2.6 million years ago to the present), characterized as the time in which the collective activities of human beings (Homo sapiens) began to substantially alter Earth’s surface, atmosphere, oceans, and systems of nutrient …, Mar 15, 2021 · eon = The largest unit of time. era = A unit of time shorter than an eon but longer than a period. period = A unit of time shorter than an era but longer than epoch. epoch = A unit of time shorter than a period but longer than an age. Archean = “Ancient” eon from 4,500 Mya – 2,500 Ma. , 3 thg 1, 2020 ... Geologic Time Eon Era Period Epoch. Precambrian Time 4.6 billion to 543 mya . Hadean Eon: 4.5 to 3.8 bya. - Meteorites. - No Life., An epoch, (not to be confused with epic ), like an era, is a period of time. An epoch is longer than an era and can cover more than one lifetime. It is marked by some significant development or series of developments: the feudal epoch, the epoch of exploration. An eon is a very long time indeed. It is the longest period of geological time., 4,540,000,000. origin of the earth. "BEGINNING " refers to the number of years before the present to the beginning of the Era, Period, or Epoch. In some cases, the dates differ slightly from those in other geologic time scales. Most notably, the origin of the earth is sometimes rounded off to 4.5 or 6 billion years ago. , Transcribed Image Text: Using Tables 5 and 6 as references, fill out the following table. The first item is given as an example. Table 10: Some Important Events in Geologic Time Mesozoic Era Ерoch Event Eon Triassic Period begins Age of Reptiles Phanerozoic Beginning of the Age of Mammals Early humans first appear Eukaryotes first appear First living things appear Fish with bony skeletons ..., A) The oldest rock on Earth is about 4.0 billion years old B) The oldest fossil on Earth is about 3.5 billion years old C) The dinosaurs became extinct 65 million years ago D) The Coconino formation in the Grand Canyon is older than the Kaibab formation. D) The Coconino formation in the Grand Canyon is older than the Kaibab Formation. , archean eon. 4.0 to 2.5 billion years ago. Key Events: → the total amount of continental crust increased rapidly. → continents remained small because of the earth's hot interior. → the origin of life. → atmospheric oxygen. proterozoic eon. 2.5 billion to 541 million years ago., We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us., For example, the Phanerozoic Eon, which is about 550 million years long, covers the period of time during which animals with hard shells that fossilize would ..., Explanation: The geologic time scale is a system of measurements based on stratigraphy in relation to time. The time scale is divided into eons, eras, periods, epochs, and ages with an eon spanning the greatest period of time and an age spanning the least period of time. We are currently in the Phanerozoic Eon, the Cenozoic Era, the …, This era lasted from the formation of the earth about 4.5 billion years ago to the start of the Paleozoic era… Which of the following shows the correct order of geologic time scale from the longest to the shortest time interval? From longest to shortest, the segments of time are eon, era, period, and epoch. 5. 6., From largest to smallest Eon, Era, Period, Epoch. Time is also listed from largest to smallest as: millennium, century, decade, year, month, week, day., The correct answer is SuperEon > Eon > Era > Period > Epoch. Key Points. The geologic time scale (GTS) is a system of chronological dating that classifies ...