Niobara formation

Jul 7, 2023 · Name applied as the basal member of the Niobrara Formation to a 40 ft thick gray hard limestone above the Carlile Shale and beneath the Smoky Hill Shale Member of the Niobrara. Occurs in the Pueblo area, Pueblo Co, CO in the Denver basin as 40 layers of limestone, 1-26 inches thick, separated by gray calcareous shale.

Niobara formation. These badlands are Kansas’ most dramatic Niobrara chalk formation. They provide unique and important habitat for many plants and wildlife. Native amphibians, reptiles and birds such as ferruginous hawks and cliff swallows live here. Little Jerusalem is also home to the largest population of Great Plains wild buckwheat.

May 11, 2021 · In the Pierre Shale Sandstones play, oil and gas is produced from the Sussex and Shannon sandstones. These reservoirs reach 4,500’ to 5000’ in depth and range from 3’- 50’ in thickness. and include seven accumulations. Shale and shallow chalk reservoirs of the Upper Cretaceous Niobrara formation house dry non-associated gas.

NIOBRARA LIMESTONE. The Pierre shale is underlain by the Niobrara limestone, but this formation does not reach the surface in the portion of Nebraska west of the one hundred and third meridian. As, however, it would be reached by deep borings for artesian water, some of its characteristics should be pointed out. Its thickness is about 50 feet.The lower Fox Hills Formation (site Sb). 117 Figure 50. Tbe Timber Lake Member (site . 7b) • , • • 119 Figure 51. Summary of petrologic characterizations of the sand portion of the Fox Hills Formation along the south rim of the Williston Basin. • • . •••• , • Figure 52. The Timber Lake and Colgate Members of the Fox Hills ...the Niobrara Chalk Formation. We discuss below am-ple reason for considering this specimen a distinct ge-nus. More recently, another fragmentary nodosaurid skeleton was found by J. D. Stewart on May 24, 1973. The specimen was found in the middle part of the Smoky Hill Member of the Niobrara Chalk FormationAbstract. The Late Cretaceous (89–82 Ma) Niobrara Formation is the primary target for unconventional horizontal well activity in the Denver Basin. With an abundance of …The Upper Cretaceous Karababa and Karabogaz formations in southeastern Turkey extend from Osmaniye in the west to Diyarbakir in the east, covering an area nearly 300 km long and 150 km wide (Fig. 1). The organic-rich carbonates are similar to the unconventional fluid oil and biogenic gas-producing Niobrara Formation in North America.

The late Famennian strata of the Marhouma outcrop, located in the Saoura (Algerian Sahara), consist of two formations: the Argiles de Marhouma Formation and the overlying Grès de Marhouma Formation. The former is characterized primarily by fine-grained turbidite successions, intersperse with griotte limestones bearing a pelagic …The Fort Hays limestone is the lower member of the Niobrara formation (Moore, Frye, and Jewett, 1944, p. 152) of Cretaceous age. The Fort Hays member is recognized in the field primarily by its thick massive beds and small amount of shale. Chalky shale is the major constituent of the overlying Smoky Hill chalk.April 30, 2020 Sections of the Upper Cretaceous (Coniacian to Campanian) Niobrara Formation in two cores from Kansas and Colorado, the Amoco Rebecca Bounds and …The Niobrara Formation, one such organic-rich shale, is a particularly hot target here in Colorado. While a large volume of natural gas (>700 billion cubic feet ...In addition to the Niobrara Formation, other possible source rocks in the Denver Basin include the Cretaceous Belle Fourche (Graneros), Mowry, and Carlile shales, as well as the Greenhorn Formation. Oil generation in these formations began during the Laramide orogeny and continued through the Miocene (Higley and Cox, 2007).

In the Upper Cretaceous Niobrara Formation shale oil play, considerable oil fractions are produced directly from C 14+ bitumen in place (e.g., extractable organic …The DJ/Niobrara Basin | March 2022 Field Overview Located mainly in the Northeast of Colorado, the Denver-Julesburg Basin consists of five main oil-producing formations: Niobrara sections A-C, Codell, and Greenhorn. These five plays produce over 90% of Colorado’s oil/gas. State Drilling Statistics Active Drilling Rigs in Basin- 15 (+1) Total Rigs in …Niobrarasaurus (meaning "Niobrara lizard") is an extinct genus of nodosaurid ankylosaur which lived during the Cretaceous 87 to 82 million years ago. Its fossils were found in the Smoky Hill Chalk Member of the Niobrara Formation, in western Kansas, which would have been near the middle of Western Interior Sea during the Late Cretaceous.Sections of the Upper Cretaceous (Coniacian to Campanian) Niobrara Formation in two cores from Kansas and Colorado, the Amoco Rebecca Bounds and USGS Portland 1, respectively, were examined by ...It is clear that the remarkably pronounced approximately 1.2-Myr rhythm in the primary stratigraphy of the Niobrara Formation is a consequence of the reinforcement of a 1.2-Myr obliquity forcing ...1. Below the Pierre Formation. There are 13,000 feet of layers below Pierre that were deposited over the course of 470 million years. About 8,000 feet below Pierre are the Bakken and Three Forks formations where oil is located. 2. Pierre Formation and Niobrara Formation. Pierre and Niobrara are the lowest (or earliest) layers exposed in …

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Valentine Formation —the most resistant rock exposed in the middle Niobrara River Valley. The rapids span the river’s channel at a light constriction and they are approximately 120 ft or 37 mGo back in time at the largest Niobrara Chalk formation in Kansas. This mile-long stretch of 100-foot-tall spires and cliffs opened to the public as Little Jerusalem Badlands State Park in October 2019.Calibrated petrophysical model for elevated organic matter intervals and mineralogical variability in the Agrio Formation, Neuquén Basin, Argentina. Raul I. Ochoa, Lauren P. Birgenheier, Ernesto Schwarz, Jesús M. Salazar. Article 105913.Apr 10, 2015 · Although mosasaur remains have been discovered on all seven continents, a particularly diverse assemblage is known from the Late Cretaceous Niobrara Formation of western Kansas (Russell 1967). Remains of adult mosasaurs are abundantly preserved in the Smoky Hill Member of the Niobrara Formation, but discoveries of juvenile specimens are rare. The Niobrara Shale formation is an oil and natural gas play spanning northeastern Colorado and portions of Kansas, Nebraska, and Wyoming. The shale in the formation ranges from 900 feet to 1,800 feet thick. The Niobrara region was formed approximately 145.5 million years to 65.5 million years ago by an inland sea that deposited layers of shale ...

The Upper Cretaceous carbonate-rich Niobrara Formation is a prominent petroliferous unconventional reservoir that is generally characterized by fine-scale heterogeneities that complicate local and ...Niobrara Region +44 -40 +4 Indicated change in oil production (Nov vs. Oct) 0 40 80 120 160 200 Oct 5,159 MMcf/d Production from new wells Legacy production change Net change Nov 5,173 MMcf/d Indicated change in natural gas production (Nov vs. Oct) million cubic feet/day Niobrara Region +125 -111 +14 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 300 600 900 1,200 ...Mosasaur (Tylosaurus proriger) Mosasaur fossil from the Cretaceous Niobrara Formation (~82 million years old), collected in Logan County, Kansas. Tylosaurus is the state fossil of Kansas. This specimen was discovered in 1911 by C.D. Bunker and his associates, and now resides at the KU Natural History Museum. It is 45 feet long and known as one ... The rock units and fossils of the Niobara Formation in the Raton Basin are correlated with those near Pueblo, Colorado. The present work provides a biostratigraphic framework for future, more detailed investigations of the petrography, mineralogy, sedimentary structures, depositional environments, and other aspects of the Niobara Formation.9 Ara 2022 ... I do not own the following images or music, links to the owners and sites are in the description below. Please "like" subscribe and feel ...History. Niobrara was founded in 1856, when a group of men headed by a Dr. Benneville Yeakel Shelly marked their claim to an area on the banks of the Missouri River.There, a fort was built to protect the early settlers from Indian attacks. The settlement took its name from the Niobrara River.. Geography. Nebraska highways 12 and 14 run through the village, Highway 14 …Go back in time at the largest Niobrara Chalk formation in Kansas. This mile-long stretch of 100-foot-tall spires and cliffs opened to the public as Little Jerusalem Badlands State Park in October 2019.with the natural gas). This ratio is used as an indicator of how wet or dry a particular rock formation is. We use a GOR of 6,000 cubic feet (cf) of natural gas to 1 barrel (b) of oil (cf/b) for each year’s total wellShale gas reservoirs, with typically ultra-low permeabilities, have been a major focus of hydrocarbon production over the past few decades. In this paper, we investigated how biogeomechanical alteration of near-wellbore properties could potentially impact hydrocarbon recovery from low-permeability reservoirs, using Wolfcamp shale and Niobrara shale …Possibly, however, the numerous local disturbances in the formation may indicate other causes. Plates XXXIII and XXXIV. Plate XXXIII—Outcropping of Niobrara Chalk, Plum Creek, Gove County. (Photographed by Williston.) From Kan. Acad. Sci., vol. XIII. Plate XXXIV—Niobrara Bluffs, Gove County. (Photographed by Williston.)The Niobrara Total Petroleum System (TPS) covers an extensive area across the Rocky Mountain Region, USA. In the Powder River Basin (PRB), the petroleum system consists of source beds in the Upper Cretaceous Niobrara Formation as well as reservoirs in the Upper Cretaceous Frontier, Turner, Niobrara, Sussex, Shannon, Parkman, Teapot, and Teckla, and Paleocene and Eocene Fort Union and Wasatch ...

Apr 10, 2015 · Although mosasaur remains have been discovered on all seven continents, a particularly diverse assemblage is known from the Late Cretaceous Niobrara Formation of western Kansas (Russell 1967). Remains of adult mosasaurs are abundantly preserved in the Smoky Hill Member of the Niobrara Formation, but discoveries of juvenile specimens are rare.

These badlands are Kansas’ most dramatic Niobrara chalk formation. They provide unique and important habitat for many plants and wildlife. Native amphibians, reptiles and birds such as ferruginous hawks and cliff swallows live here. Little Jerusalem is also home to the largest population of Great Plains wild buckwheat. May 5, 2016 · The Niobrara formation is one of the nine horizons that are productive in the Wattenberg Area of. Colorado, which produces oil, gas and gas-condensate. The Niobrara formation in the United States The Niobrara Formation / ˌnaɪ.əˈbrærə /, also called the Niobrara Chalk, is a geologic formation in North America that was deposited between 87 and 82 million years ago during the Coniacian, Santonian, and Campanian stages of the Late Cretaceous. The Niobrara Formation contains late Turonian to earliest Campanian (Cobban et al., 2006; Sageman et al., 2014) interbedded chalks and marls deposited in shallow (≤ 300 m) waters in the eastern ...Niobrara Chalk was weathered and opalized in the Valentine phase of the Ogallala Formation. The Niobrara Formation /ˌnaɪ.əˈbrærə/, also called the Niobrara Chalk, is a geologic formation in North America that was deposited between 87 and 82 million years ago during the Coniacian, Santonian, and Campanian stages of the Late Cretaceous. the Niobrara Formation and overlain by the Trinidad Sandstone (Lee, 1917). The age of the base of the Pierre Shale is constrained by ammonite biostratigraphy of the uppermost part of the Niobrara Formation in the Raton Basin and surrounding regions (Scott et al., 1986; Molenaar et al., 2002; Merewether et al., 2011). The age of the topThe Niobrara Formation, commonly referred to as the Niobrara Shale, but also known as the Niobrara Chalk, was deposited in the Western Interior Seaway in the middle of North America during late Cretaceous Age. ( 145.5 - 65.5 million years ago) This inland sea divided the continent of North America during much of the Cretaceous.Scenic, Recreational. Designated. May 24, 1991. The Niobrara National Scenic River is in north-central Nebraska, United States, approximately 300 miles (480 km) northwest of Omaha. In 1991, Congress set aside 76 miles (120 km) for preservation under the management of the National Park Service with assistance from the local Niobrara Council.

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Jan 1, 2008 · A recent U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) oil and gas assessment of the Powder River Basin , Wyoming and Montana, identified the Upper Cretaceous Mowry Shale and Niobrara Formation as the primary hydrocarbon sources for Cretaceous conventional and unconventional reservoirs. The Niobrara Formation (Upper Cretaceous) in the northern Great Plains is being studied by the U.S. Geological Survey because it includes potential low-permeability reservoirs for natural gas. Subsurface investi­ gations of the Niobrara indicate that three major chalk tongues are found within the unit.May 2, 2022 · These tributaries flow over the Rosebud Formation. Some waterfalls drop into the Niobrara, while others are found in spring-fed streams. The Ogallala Aquifer, a fragile, vast underground reservoir, is partially recharged by rainwater and snowmelt. Through springs, seeps, and waterfalls it provides most of the water to the Niobrara. Biological ... Apr 30, 2020 · Sections of the Upper Cretaceous (Coniacian to Campanian) Niobrara Formation in two cores from Kansas and Colorado, the Amoco Rebecca Bounds and USGS Portland 1, respectively, were examined by hyperspectral core imaging and analysis. Named for Niobrara River, Knox Co, NE in Salina basin, where formation forms 90-100 ft cliffs near mouth along Missouri River. Consists of lead-gray, calcareous marl that weathers to light buff or whitish color …The Cretaceous-age Niobrara Chalk in western Kansas was deposited in a massive inland sea that ran north to south across west-central North America about 80 million years ago. Monument Rocks and Castle Rock , two sets of chalk spires that rise above the plain in Gove County, are composed of chalk formed from the enormous amount of ooze that ...More than 160 mapped paleontology sites are present within the Niobrara National Scenic River's reach. The Niobrara River is exceptionally rich in documented fossil sites, averaging ten times the number of sites per unit area when compared to the State of Nebraska as a whole. Please leave fossils where they are and contact either a park ranger ...The Niobrara Formation records life at the heyday of this seaway, from 87 to 82 million years ago between the Coniacian and the Campanian Stages of the Late Cretaceous. Prior to the Niobrara was the rather poorer Dakota Formation and after that comes the Pierre Shale. Contemporaries to Niobrara include the Mooreville Chalk of Alabama. ….

You might have music files on a music CD that you would also like to have on an mp3 player. Or, you might have a collection of older CDs that you would like to convert into a more modern format. Either way, this process is easy.In the News: Associated natural gas production increased 9% in 2022 due to higher crude oil production . In 2022, annual production of associated-dissolved natural gas (or associated natural gas) increased 9% to 15.5 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) in the major U.S. onshore crude oil-producing regions (Permian, Bakken, Eagle Ford, Niobrara, and Anadarko) mostly due to an 8% increase in ...The Niobrara Formation records life at the heyday of this seaway, from 87 to 82 million years ago between the Coniacian and the Campanian Stages of the Late Cretaceous. Prior to the Niobrara was the rather poorer Dakota Formation and after that comes the Pierre Shale. Contemporaries to Niobrara include the Mooreville Chalk of Alabama.May 1, 2020 · The productive Niobrara Formation in the basin contains calcareous shale, shaley limestone, and marls as reservoir rocks. According the USGS, reservoir zones in the Niobrara range from 50 to 200 feet in thickness, however, there have been wells drilled in the basin where the zones were near 400 feet. The Niobrara varies in thickness from about 60 metres (200 feet) to more than 270 metres (890 feet) and consists of chalks, shales, limestones, and many thin layers of bentonite (altered volcanic ash deposits that appear like soapy clays). Pteranodon skeleton and restoration of wings. The Niobrara marks the withdrawal of the Cretaceous seas ...The Niobrara Formation /ˌnaɪ.əˈbrærə/, also called the Niobrara Chalk, is a geologic formation in North America that was deposited between 87 and 82 million years ago during the Coniacian, Santonian, and Campanian stages of the Late Cretaceous. It is composed of two structural units, the Smoky … See moreDuring the irrigation season, median dissolved solids, Se, and U concentrations in Niobrara-influenced inflows were 83%, 646%, and 55%, respectively, greater than medians where Niobrara Formation ...Mosasaur (Tylosaurus proriger) Mosasaur fossil from the Cretaceous Niobrara Formation (~82 million years old), collected in Logan County, Kansas. Tylosaurus is the state fossil of Kansas. This specimen was discovered in 1911 by C.D. Bunker and his associates, and now resides at the KU Natural History Museum. It is 45 feet long and known as one ... Niobara formation, Here wide Q-range total neutron scattering was used to evaluate perdeuterated methane (CD 4) behavior at reservoir pressures (200–750 bar) and temperature (60 °C) in a sample at the late oil/wet gas thermal maturity stage from the Late Cretaceous Niobrara Formation, an active petroleum producing formation within the …, History of study Discovery and naming The skull of MCZ 4374, the holotype of T. proriger, in Cope (1870). Tylosaurus was the third new genus of mosasaur to be described from North America behind Clidastes and Platecarpus and the first in Kansas. The early history of the genus as a taxon was subject to complications spurred by the infamous rivalry between …, The Niobrara Formation, also called the Niobrara Chalk is a geologic formation in North America that was laid down between 87 and 82 million years ago during the Coniacian, Santonian, and Campanian ages of the Late Cretaceous. It is composed of two structural units, the Smoky Hill Chalk Member overlying the Fort Hays Limestone Member. The chalk formed from the accumulation of coccoliths from ..., Niobrara Formation. Argillaceous chalk, limestone and shale. Chalk is medium gray to white, interbedded with thin layers of chalky shale; contains many fossil clams, oysters, and formanifera. Limestone is light gray to medium gray and yellowish gray, interbedded with medium-gray chalky shale; also contains fossil clams, oysters, and formanifera. , The Niobrara formation is one of the young darlings of U.S. oil an gas exploration. Here are the essentials you need to know. To help Foolish investors better understand the oil and gas boom in..., Oct 1, 2021 · In the Upper Cretaceous Niobrara Formation shale oil play, considerable oil fractions are produced directly from C 14+ bitumen in place (e.g., extractable organic matter). ). This paper provides new insights on the geochemistry and producibility of C 14+ bitumen by integrating the full process of generation, retention, conversion, expulsion, and production, as a whole, in the Niobrara shale ... , The Niobrara Formation has been the primary historical exploration target since the late 1980's due to success at the Silo Field from horizontal wells drilled in the Niobrara B Bench. In 2009, EOG Resources discovered the Hereford Field with the Jake 02-01H, producing approximately 1700 barrels of oil per day initially from the Niobrara B Bench., 1. Below the Pierre Formation. There are 13,000 feet of layers below Pierre that were deposited over the course of 470 million years. About 8,000 feet below Pierre are the Bakken and Three Forks formations where oil is located. 2. Pierre Formation and Niobrara Formation. Pierre and Niobrara are the lowest (or earliest) layers exposed in North ..., Niobrarasaurus (meaning "Niobrara lizard") is an extinct genus of nodosaurid ankylosaur which lived during the Cretaceous 87 to 82 million years ago. Its fossils were found in the Smoky Hill Chalk Member of the Niobrara Formation, in western Kansas, which would have been near the middle of Western Interior Sea during the Late Cretaceous. , The Niobrara formation is late Cretaceous in age and was deposited in the Western Interior Seaway (Kaufmann, 1977). The Niobrara is subdivided into basal Fort ..., Niobrara Formation. Argillaceous chalk, limestone and shale. Chalk is medium gray to white, interbedded with thin layers of chalky shale; contains many fossil clams, oysters, and formanifera. Limestone is light gray to medium gray and yellowish gray, interbedded with medium-gray chalky shale; also contains fossil clams, oysters, and formanifera., When it comes to applying for a job, having a well-crafted resume is essential. Your resume is your first impression and can be the difference between getting an interview or not. With so many different resume formats available, it can be d..., Here wide Q-range total neutron scattering was used to evaluate perdeuterated methane (CD 4) behavior at reservoir pressures (200–750 bar) and temperature (60 °C) in a sample at the late oil/wet gas thermal maturity stage from the Late Cretaceous Niobrara Formation, an active petroleum producing formation within the …, Nov 29, 2018 · Gas, oil, and water production data were compiled from selected wells in two tight gas reservoirs-the Codell-Niobrara interval, comprised of the Codell Sandstone Member of the Carlile Shale and the Niobrara Formation; and the Dakota J interval, comprised mostly of the Muddy (J) Sandstone of the Dakota Group; both intervals are of Cretaceous age-in the Wattenberg field in the Denver Basin of Colora , Shapefile White to dark-gray argillaceous chalk, marl, and shale. Weathers yellow to orange. Contains thin, laterally continuous bentonite beds, chalky carbonaceous shale, minor …, Valentine Formation —the most resistant rock exposed in the middle Niobrara River Valley. The rapids span the river’s channel at a light constriction and they are approximately 120 ft or 37 m, The Niobrara Formation is a significant source of dissolved solids and Se and a moderate source of U along the studied reach of the Arkansas River. During both the irrigation and non-irrigation seasons, concentrations of these constituents were substantially greater in Niobrara-influenced surface-water inflows. Although groundwater was not ..., April 30, 2020 Sections of the Upper Cretaceous (Coniacian to Campanian) Niobrara Formation in two cores from Kansas and Colorado, the Amoco Rebecca Bounds and …, The goal of this field-based research project is to establish a tight oil field laboratory in the Powder River Basin (PRB). The field laboratory will be used to characterize and overcome the technical challenges of developing two large, emerging unconventional/shale oil formations, the Mowry Shale, and the Belle Fourche Shale, with the challenging tight sands …, The Niobrara Shale formation is an oil and natural gas play spanning northeastern Colorado and portions of Kansas, Nebraska, and Wyoming. The shale in the formation ranges from 900 feet to 1,800 feet thick. The Niobrara region was formed approximately 145.5 million years to 65.5 million years ago by an inland sea that deposited layers of shale ... , Niobrara Chalk was weathered and opalized in the Valentine phase of the Ogallala Formation. The Niobrara Formation /ˌnaɪ.əˈbrærə/, also called the Niobrara Chalk, is a geologic formation in North America that was deposited between 87 and 82 million years ago during the Coniacian, Santonian, and Campanian stages of the Late Cretaceous., Niobrara Shale Overview. The Niobrara shale formation is situated in northeastern Colorado and parts of adjacent Wyoming, Nebraska, and Kansas. Primarily an oil play, it is in the Denver-Julesburg Basin, which has long been a major oil and gas province. Technological advances in horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing in the last decade ..., In the Upper Cretaceous Niobrara Formation shale oil play, considerable oil fractions are produced directly from C 14+ bitumen in place (e.g., extractable organic matter). ). This paper provides new insights on the geochemistry and producibility of C 14+ bitumen by integrating the full process of generation, retention, conversion, expulsion, and production, as a whole, in the Niobrara shale ..., Niobrara Formation, middle-to-upper Campanian. New referred specimens—AMNH 5835: Skull, complete neck, anterior trunk and left forelimb. AMNH 1495: Fairly complete axial skeleton, partial girdles, right and left hindlimbs. Locality, horizon and age—AMNH 5835: Mule Creek, 15 miles west of Edgemont, South Dakota. AMNH 1495: …, When you’re searching for a job, your resume is one of the most important tools you have to make a good impression. But with so many different resume formats available, it can be hard to know which one is right for you., The Upper Cretaceous carbonate-rich Niobrara Formation is a prominent petroliferous unconventional reservoir that is generally characterized by fine-scale heterogeneities that complicate local and ..., Mar 1, 2018 · Abstract The Niobrara Total Petroleum System (TPS) covers an extensive area across the Rocky Mountain Region, US. In the Powder River Basin (PRB), the petroleum system consists of source beds in the Upper Cretaceous Niobrara Formation as well as reservoirs in the Upper Cretaceous Frontier, Turner, Niobrara, Sussex, Shannon, Parkman, Teapot, and Teckla. The Niobrara is a deep-water hemipelagic ... , Abstract. The development of shale reservoirs has grown significantly in the past few decades, spurred by evolving technologies in horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing. The productivity of shale reservoirs is highly dependent on the design of the hydraulic fracturing treatment. In order to successfully design the treatment, a good …, Geology Site 2 - At this road cut, the Cretaceous Niobrara Formation is overlain by the Pembina Member, the lowermost member of the Pierre Shale in the area. These rocks were laid down in oceans that covered most of North Dakota about 84 million years ago. The Niobrara consists of light-gray to yellowish-tan, blocky, calcareous marl., The river rises in the High Plains of Wyoming, in southern Niobrara County. The Niobrara flows east as an intermittent stream past Lusk and southeast into northwestern Nebraska. It then flows southeast across the Pine Ridge country of Sioux County, then east through Agate Fossil Beds National Monument, past Marsland, and through Box Butte ..., The Upper Cretaceous Niobrara Formation in the Denver-Julesburg (D-J) Basin, United States, records late Turonian–early Campanian transgressive–regressive …, It is clear that the remarkably pronounced approximately 1.2-Myr rhythm in the primary stratigraphy of the Niobrara Formation is a consequence of the reinforcement of a 1.2-Myr obliquity forcing ..., Mar 17, 2014 · The Niobrara formation, consisting of a series of chalky beds, crops out only in the extreme northwest corner of Russell County, where a maximum thickness of about 100 feet remains uneroded. The lower part consists of massive beds of chalk containing few impurities, white and rather soft above and tan and harder below; the upper part consists ...